The main producers of flour, cured hides, building materials, metal and other products were large-scale machine production. So, if one tannery, processing up to 500 hides per year, received an income of no more than 450−550 rubles, then the production volume of the Sobennikov and Molchanov Brothers tannery in Tyumen reached 520 thousand rubles. There was a similar pattern in the flour milling industry. While the village mill produced no more than 10−15 pounds of flour per day, a large flour mill processed up to seven thousand pounds of grain daily.

In 1908, there were seven mills in the Tobolsk province, including the flour mills of the Bakinov Brothers Trading House, the I. P. Kolokolnikov Heirs Partnership, the Kolmakov Brothers, and others. Each of them produced several types of flour: "krupchatka", seedling, "pervach" (the first class) of several varieties and others.

Thanks to the use of machines, milling quickly became one of the leading industries in the province’s manufacturing industry, and even surpassed such traditionally developed industries as distillery and tannery in terms of production volumes. In 1913, there were 1,788 flour milling enterprises in the region with a capacity of 3 million rubles.

A high level of technical equipment was also observed in the distillery industry, which, with the availability of grain supplies and potatoes, became widespread in the province. By 1913, most distilleries had special two- or three-story buildings with a division of the building into working departments. In addition to steam engines, the equipment included pumps, steam distillation units, mechanical or manual agitators, and kvass vats. The equipment was mainly of foreign manufacture.

One of the largest was the state-owned wine warehouse in Tyumen (now the Plastics factory is located in the warehouse buildings). Three steam engines were used here. The labels on the bottles were glued with a special machine, and clean dishes for bottling were supplied using a conveyor. The dishes were also washed mechanically, using automatic syringes.

At the beginning of the XX century Tobolsk province was a region not only of grain production, but also of commercial cattle breeding. In 1917, there were 17.5 cows per 100 inhabitants in the European part of the country, while in the Tobolsk province there were more than 40. In terms of the number of cattle and sheep per capita, the region was on a par with the United States and Germany, and even surpassed them in the number of horses and pigs.

Collective farms, which were considered by the authorities as "sprouts of socialist farming in rural areas," became a new phenomenon in the life of the Trans‑Ural village in the 1920s. The first organizers of collective farms in the Tyumen province were soldiers returning from the front. At that time, most collective farms were created in the form of communes, where everything was socialized: from land, horses and cows to clothes, spoons and tobacco. The communards ate in communal canteens.

By March 1, 1930, more than 70% of all peasant farms in the Tyumen, Tobolsk and Ishim districts were included in collective farms. Such results could only be achieved through repression. The activities of the OGPU, the prosecutor’s office, and special agents "to identify the criminal activities of the Kulak-wealthy part of the village" have intensified everywhere.

At the end of the fourth five-year plan, the country’s agriculture had to go through another large-scale experiment. This time on the consolidation of collective farms. In 1950, the number of collective farms in the region was reduced from 1,729 to 845.

The development of virgin lands in the region began without scientific soil analysis: deposits, hayfields, and pastures were plowed. In 1954−1962, 768.5 thousand hectares were developed, of which 124.6 thousand were subsequently abandoned.